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Eragrostis monticola

(Gaudich.) Hillebr. (1888)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Eragrostis

kalamālō [kalamalo]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials; culms in dense tufts, 10–30 cm tall.

Stems: Culms slender, erect or spreading.

Roots: Roots fibrous.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, primarily toward base of culms. Blades 5-15 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, usually involute. Apex attenuate to a slender point. Upper surfaces scabrous; lower surfaces glabrous. Veins parallel. Sheaths glabrous, pilose at throat; ligule a fringe of hairs ca. 0.2 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Inflorescences paniculate, erect, narrow and spike-like, often somewhat interrupted, 5-15 cm long, usually less than 1 cm wide, the branches short and appressed, the lower ones 1-2 cm long; spikelets usually 6-8-flowered, ca. 5 mm long, rachilla glabrous; glumes 2-3 mm long, apex acuminate, first glume often longer than first lemma. Lemmas imbricate, scarcely exposing rachilla, ca. 2 mm long, glabrous, apex obtuse; palea nearly as long as glumes, keel scabrous.

Fruit: Caryopsis reddish brown; ovoid to oblong; 0.7-1 mm long; surface punctate-striate.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in open mesic shrubland; pastures; or grasslands; often on ridges or exposed slopes.

Elevation Range: 360–1,070 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Kaho'olawe Not in flora
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 531 (1888)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1543 (Mo, L, M, H); Herbst & Clayton 1998:26/Faccenda 2022:66, 69 (KEY); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Degener 31108 BISH (L†, 1963)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Eragrostis monticola Kaunakakai Preserved_Specimen Smith, J.G. Molokai BISH 1902-09-05
2 Eragrostis monticola Pohakuloa Training Area (Kipuka Alala, Training Area 23). UTM 22176422 Northing, 216180 Easting Preserved_Specimen Questad, E. Hawaii BISH 2009-02-02
3 Eragrostis monticola Kalulu Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH 1913-12-09
4 Eragrostis monticola unknown Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. BISH 1914-05-04
5 Eragrostis monticola unknown Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. BISH
6 Eragrostis monticola Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea. 1979 burn area Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
7 Eragrostis monticola W Maui, foothils of Lihua Peak Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 509 Maui BISH 1979-05-02
8 Eragrostis monticola W tributary of Waiakuilani Gulch Scattered to common in open areas of degraded shrubland. Vegetation: Dodonaea, Leptecophylla, Osteomeles, Wikstroemia, Sida, Cyperus, Spermolepis, Sphenomeris, Metrosideros, Pseudognaphalium, Agrostis, Bidens. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 60703 Molokai BISH 2007-06-07
9 Eragrostis monticola SE Munro Trail base of wind eroded plateau Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 31108 Lanai BISH 1963-07-23
10 Eragrostis monticola East Kamiloloa, Molokai Project Transect 6 Open mixed scrub Preserved_Specimen Culms in compact tufts; not rhizomatous Char, W.P. 82.039 Molokai BISH 1982-11-27
11 Eragrostis monticola narrow ridge below Puu o Kaeha ohia, Pleomele, Pittosporum, Exocarpos, Santalum ellipticum, Euphorbia, Alyxia, Senecio sylvaticus, Rhynchelytrum, Hypochoeris Preserved_Specimen conspicuous clump of grass Davis, J. 873 Molokai BISH 1982-05-29
12 Eragrostis monticola Kaohai, Kapua In semi-dry open grassy slope Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1977 Lanai BISH 1938-04-15
13 Eragrostis monticola East rim of Ukumehame Valley growing in isolated tufts on exposed dirt with Luzula Preserved_Specimen small grass Bishop, L.E. 1183 Maui BISH 1971-08-29
14 Eragrostis monticola Kaohai, Kapua In semi-dry open grassy slope Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1977 Lanai BISH 1938-04-15
15 Eragrostis monticola Kaohai, Kapua In semi-dry open grassy slope Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1977 Lanai BISH 1938-04-15
16 Eragrostis monticola Manawainui Gulch Open scrub on east side of gulch Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 3016 Maui BISH 1973-05-24
17 Eragrostis monticola Kaohai, Kapua In semi-dry open grassy slope Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1977 Lanai BISH 1938-04-15
18 Eragrostis monticola South Kohala, Keamoku, Heewai 2 paddock Dry rocky pasture Preserved_Specimen Rare Hosaka, E.Y. 3662 Hawaii BISH 1952-06-05
19 Eragrostis monticola On a narrow ridge below Puu o Kaeha On top of a narrow, eroded ridge. Open `ohi`a fores in slopes, native scrub on ridge. Pleomele, Pittosporum, Exocarpos, Santalum ellipticum, Euphorbia, Alyxia, Senecio sylvaticus, Rhynchelytrum, and Hypochoeris. Preserved_Specimen Conspicuous clump of grass. Davis, J. 873 Molokai BISH 1982-05-29
20 Eragrostis monticola Waialala Valley On bare eroding hillside Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 573 Lanai BISH 1930-01-19
21 Eragrostis monticola Waiakuilani gulch With Metrosideros, Leptecophylla, Lipochaeta rockii, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Nestegis sandwicensis, Spermolepis hawaiiensis, Nesoluma polynesicum, Pouteria sandwicensis, Coprosma foliosa, Melinis minutiflora, Anthoxanthum, Ageratina riparia. Preserved_Specimen Small Eragrostis that may not be deflexa, frt and fls. Perlman, S. 20426 Molokai BISH 2007-06-07
22 Eragrostis monticola Parker Ranch, Puukaaliali Dry pasture on thin rocky slope Preserved_Specimen Perennial Ewart III, G.R. 327 Hawaii BISH 1934-02-23
23 Eragrostis monticola West Maui, West Maui NAR, Lihau Section, middle ridge of Lihau- one ridge south of Liha peak, Aspect: NW. Dry/Mesic Shrubland: Dodonaea, Metrosideros, Eragrostis, Sida, Osteopmeles, Bidens, Myoporum, Heteropogon, Schiedea, Lipochaeta, Wollastonia, Bidens menziesii Preserved_Specimen Scattered plants, mat forming Pezzillo, Z. 1107 Maui BISH 2025-02-13
24 Eragrostis monticola W slope of mountain Open dry ground Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 14693 Lanai BISH 1916-09-21
25 Eragrostis monticola Southeast part of Munro trail Pioneer on bare part of wind erroded plataeu Preserved_Specimen From where comes type? We can't assume that E. mont. is not uniform on all islands Degener, O. 31108 Lanai BISH 1963-07-23
26 Eragrostis monticola Mauka of McGregor On bare clay gully side in lower cloud zone Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 22046 Maui BISH 1952-03-01
27 Eragrostis monticola S slope of Mauna Kea in Mauna Kea State Park Highly disturbed area. Preserved_Specimen Dougill, S. Hawaii BISH 2000-11-28
28 Eragrostis monticola West Maui, slopes of Lihau Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2704 Maui BISH 1987-01-27
29 Eragrostis monticola Au. Sugar Co. Preserved_Specimen Growing in small bunch atop hillsides. Not common Munro, G.C. 116 Molokai BISH 1903-04-01
30 Eragrostis monticola Lanai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH 1915-02-01
31 Eragrostis monticola Ridge above Waipio Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 156 Lanai BISH 1913-10-11
32 Eragrostis monticola East Molokai, Kamiloloa, E of S fork Kaunakakai gulch Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2507 Molokai BISH 1986-02-19
33 Eragrostis monticola West Maui, slopes of Lihau Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2704 Maui BISH 1987-01-27
34 Eragrostis monticola Mapulehu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6148 Molokai BISH 1910-03-01
35 Eragrostis monticola West Maui, slopes of Lihau Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2706 Maui BISH 1987-01-27
36 Eragrostis monticola Waiakeakua Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 156 Lanai BISH 1927-07-18
37 Eragrostis monticola Slopes of Puu Kolekole Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 217 Molokai BISH 1912-07-01
38 Eragrostis monticola Waiakeakua Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 156 Lanai BISH 1927-07-18
39 Eragrostis monticola On ridge west of Waiakuilani Gulch Preserved_Specimen Bishop, L.E. 1775 Molokai BISH 1973-01-25
40 Eragrostis monticola Hookio Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 265 Lanai BISH 1913-10-13
41 Eragrostis monticola Mapulehu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6148 Molokai BISH 1910-03-01
42 Eragrostis monticola Slopes of Puu Kolekole Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 217 Molokai BISH 1912-07-01
43 Eragrostis monticola West Maui, slopes of Lihau Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 2705 Maui BISH 1987-01-27
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